{"id":541,"date":"2015-04-18T20:52:40","date_gmt":"2015-04-18T18:52:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.wordpress.com\/?p=541"},"modified":"2015-07-19T23:03:32","modified_gmt":"2015-07-19T21:03:32","slug":"co-to-jest-opus-w-mozaice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/2015\/04\/18\/co-to-jest-opus-w-mozaice\/","title":{"rendered":"Co to jest opus w mozaice?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dzisiaj o sposobach, na jakie mo\u017cna\u00a0uk\u0142ada\u0107 mozaik\u0119. Nazywaj\u0105 si\u0119 one od \u0142aci\u0144skiego <em>opus,<\/em> co po \u0142acinie oznacza<em>\u00a0<\/em>dzie\u0142o, a w mozaice oznacza w\u0142a\u015bnie spos\u00f3b uk\u0142adania tesser. Najbardziej popularne\u00a0sposoby to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>opus regulatum<\/strong> &#8211; u\u0142o\u017cenie w formie siatki, pionowe i poziome rz\u0119dy kwadratowych (najcz\u0119\u015bciej) tesser s\u0105 r\u00f3wne, co pokazuje zdj\u0119cie poni\u017cej:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/opus_regulatum1.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"554\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/opus_regulatum-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/opus_regulatum1.jpg?fit=276%2C207&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"276,207\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Opus_regulatum\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/opus_regulatum1.jpg?fit=276%2C207&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/opus_regulatum1.jpg?fit=276%2C207&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-554\" src=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/opus_regulatum1.jpg?resize=196%2C147\" alt=\"Opus_regulatum\" width=\"196\" height=\"147\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>opus tesselatum<\/strong>\u00a0to spos\u00f3b podobny do uk\u0142adania cegie\u0142. Linie horyzontalne pomi\u0119dzy tesserami s\u0105 r\u00f3wne, a linie pionowe s\u0105 &#8222;\u0142amane&#8221; pomi\u0119dzy poszczeg\u00f3lnymi rz\u0119dami:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/opus_tessalatum.png\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"555\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/opus_tessalatum\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/opus_tessalatum.png?fit=268%2C212&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"268,212\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Opus_tessalatum\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/opus_tessalatum.png?fit=268%2C212&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/opus_tessalatum.png?fit=268%2C212&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-555\" src=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/opus_tessalatum.png?resize=199%2C157\" alt=\"Opus_tessalatum\" width=\"199\" height=\"157\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>opus vermiculatum<\/strong> (najprawdopodobniej od \u0142aci\u0144skiego s\u0142owa vermiculus, oznaczaj\u0105cego larw\u0119 lub robaka, a to ze wzgl\u0119du na podobie\u0144stwo kszta\u0142tu) &#8211;\u00a0to takie\u00a0u\u0142o\u017cenie element\u00f3w mozaiki, kt\u00f3re pozwala tworzy\u0107 z tesser r\u00f3\u017cne kszta\u0142ty. Poka\u017c\u0119 Wam to na przyk\u0142adzie kwiatkopodstawki:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/kwiatek1.png\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"557\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/kwiatek-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/kwiatek1.png?fit=373%2C353&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"373,353\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"kwiatek\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/kwiatek1.png?fit=300%2C284&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/kwiatek1.png?fit=373%2C353&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-557\" src=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/kwiatek1.png?w=300&#038;resize=247%2C234\" alt=\"kwiatek\" width=\"247\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/kwiatek1.png?w=373&amp;ssl=1 373w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/kwiatek1.png?resize=300%2C284&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Tessery w czerwonej obw\u00f3dce to w\u0142a\u015bnie przyk\u0142ad opus vermiculatum. S\u0105 tak przyci\u0119te, \u017ceby tworzy\u0107 kszta\u0142t ko\u0142a. Uzyskanie takiego &#8222;zwornikowego&#8221; efektu jest mo\u017cliwe, je\u015bli przycinamy boki tesser wzd\u0142u\u017c wyobra\u017conego promienia okr\u0119gu, kt\u00f3ry tworz\u0105.<\/p>\n<p>Mog\u0142abym u\u0142o\u017cy\u0107 tessery wbrew sztuce, czyli bez przycinania bok\u00f3w kwadratu i wtedy efekt prezentowa\u0142by si\u0119 tak:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/zwornik.png\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"559\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/zwornik\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwornik.png?fit=373%2C367&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"373,367\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"zwornik\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwornik.png?fit=300%2C295&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwornik.png?fit=373%2C367&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-559\" src=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/zwornik.png?w=300&#038;resize=253%2C249\" alt=\"zwornik\" width=\"253\" height=\"249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwornik.png?w=373&amp;ssl=1 373w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwornik.png?resize=300%2C295&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/zwonikkwiatek.png\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"560\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/zwonikkwiatek\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwonikkwiatek.png?fit=351%2C433&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"351,433\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"zwonikKwiatek\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwonikkwiatek.png?fit=243%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwonikkwiatek.png?fit=351%2C433&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-560\" src=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/zwonikkwiatek.png?w=243&#038;resize=200%2C247\" alt=\"zwonikKwiatek\" width=\"200\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwonikkwiatek.png?w=351&amp;ssl=1 351w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/zwonikkwiatek.png?resize=243%2C300&amp;ssl=1 243w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ale zmieniaj\u0105ce swoj\u0105 szeroko\u015b\u0107 linie fugowania to nie jest efekt, o jaki chodzi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>jak ju\u017c wiecie, moim ulubionym sposobem uk\u0142adania tesser jest<strong> opus palladianum<\/strong>, czyli nieregularne kawa\u0142ki mozaiki u\u0142o\u017cone w pozornym chaosie. Nie jest to tak \u0142atwe, jak si\u0119 wydaje, poniewa\u017c trzeba si\u0119 stara\u0107, aby odst\u0119py pomi\u0119dzy tesserami by\u0142y r\u00f3wne, \u017ceby potem maksymalnie r\u00f3wno\u00a0wype\u0142ni\u0107 je fug\u0105.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tak to wygl\u0105da, jak ju\u017c umiem to robi\u0107:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/pal.png\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"565\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/pal\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/pal.png?fit=194%2C152&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"194,152\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"pal\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/pal.png?fit=194%2C152&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/pal.png?fit=194%2C152&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-565\" src=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/pal.png?resize=194%2C152\" alt=\"pal\" width=\"194\" height=\"152\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A takie krzywizny wychodzi\u0142y mi w trakcie pierwszych pr\u00f3b:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/02\/tlo2.png\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"184\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/tlo2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/tlo2.png?fit=186%2C96&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"186,96\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"tlo2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/tlo2.png?fit=186%2C96&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mozaikowanie.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/tlo2.png?fit=186%2C96&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-184\" src=\"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/02\/tlo2.png?resize=186%2C96\" alt=\"tlo2\" width=\"186\" height=\"96\" \/><\/a>\u00a0Sami wi\u0119c widzicie, \u017ce palladianum nie jest takie \u0142atwe.<\/p>\n<p>Wracaj\u0105c do kwiatka pokazuj\u0119 go te\u017c tutaj, jako przyk\u0142ad jak NIE NALE\u017bY fugowa\u0107. Kwiatek by\u0142 \u0107wiczeniem na robienie okr\u0119g\u00f3w, \u017ceby nieco po\u0107wiczy\u0107 mozaikowe rzemios\u0142o.\u00a0Poniewa\u017c do kwiatka straci\u0142am serce w trakcie pracy (jednak palladianum jest po prostu najlepsze dla mnie), postanowi\u0142am go jeszcze pogr\u0105\u017cyc, wypr\u00f3bowuj\u0105c nowy pigment w kolorze identycznym jak \u015brodek. Nie tylko sama \u017c\u00f3\u0142\u0107 jest zbyt jaskrawa do mocnej czerwieni i kobaltu, ale tak\u017ce \u017c\u00f3\u0142ty \u015brodek w tym \u017c\u00f3\u0142tym pigmencie sta\u0142 si\u0119 kompletnie niewidoczny. Innymi s\u0142owy: don&#8217;t try it at home kids!<\/p>\n<p>Powy\u017csza lista sposob\u00f3w uk\u0142adania mozaiki nie wyczerpuje jeszcze wyobra\u017ani staro\u017cytnych, inne opusy (opera:)) przedstawi\u0119 w przysz\u0142o\u015bci.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dzisiaj o sposobach, na jakie mo\u017cna\u00a0uk\u0142ada\u0107 mozaik\u0119. Nazywaj\u0105 si\u0119 one od \u0142aci\u0144skiego opus, co po \u0142acinie oznacza\u00a0dzie\u0142o, a w mozaice oznacza w\u0142a\u015bnie spos\u00f3b uk\u0142adania tesser. Najbardziej popularne\u00a0sposoby to: opus regulatum &#8211; u\u0142o\u017cenie w formie siatki, pionowe i poziome rz\u0119dy kwadratowych (najcz\u0119\u015bciej) tesser s\u0105 r\u00f3wne, co pokazuje zdj\u0119cie poni\u017cej:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4],"tags":[15,27],"class_list":["post-541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-materialy-i-techniki","tag-fugowanie-mozaiki-artystycznej","tag-opus-w-mozaice"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p72G1w-8J","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/541","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=541"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/541\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":877,"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/541\/revisions\/877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=541"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=541"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozaikowanie.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=541"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}